hyperhidrosis

What Causes Under Arm Odor?

Shad Douglas

Shad Douglas

— 3 min read

Summary

Underarm odor is primarily caused by the interaction between sweat produced by apocrine glands and the natural bacteria living on the skin. When these bacteria break down the components of sweat—particularly proteins and lipids—they produce volatile, odor-causing compounds. Genetics, hygiene practices, diet, hormonal changes, and underlying medical conditions can all influence the intensity of underarm odor.

Understanding Sweat and the Role of Skin Bacteria

Types of Sweat Glands

The human body has two main types of sweat glands: eccrine and apocrine. Eccrine glands are distributed throughout the skin and produce a watery, odorless sweat that primarily helps regulate body temperature. Apocrine glands, however, are concentrated in areas such as the armpits and groin. Apocrine sweat contains proteins and lipids that, when exposed to the skin’s bacteria, become the primary source of body odor [StatPearls: Physiology, Apocrine Gland, 2023].

Why Sweat Itself Doesn't Smell

Fresh sweat is generally odorless. The characteristic underarm odor develops when bacteria—mainly species of Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus—break down apocrine sweat components. This bacterial metabolism releases pungent compounds such as thioalcohols, which are responsible for the distinctive smell [Nature Communications, 2020].

Factors Influencing Underarm Odor

Managing and Treating Underarm Odor

Hygiene and Lifestyle Approaches

  • Regularly washing the underarms with soap to remove sweat and bacteria.
  • Wearing breathable, natural-fiber clothing to reduce sweat accumulation.
  • Removing underarm hair to minimize areas where bacteria thrive.

Over-the-Counter and At-Home Treatment Options

Antiperspirants and deodorants are the mainstays of odor management. Deodorants mask or neutralize odor, while antiperspirants block sweat production by temporarily plugging sweat glands.

  • Clinical-Strength Antiperspirants: Products containing higher concentrations of active ingredients, such as aluminum chloride, are effective for individuals with excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis).
  • Drimedex: For those who experience persistent underarm sweating and odor, Drimedex is a clinical-strength, non-prescription antiperspirant specifically formulated for individuals with hyperhidrosis. Drimedex provides the maximum level of sweat protection allowed without a prescription, utilizing 15% Aluminum Chloride—the most effective FDA-monographed active ingredient for reducing underarm sweat. Unlike traditional prescription products, Drimedex features a simplified, dermatologist-inspired formulation designed to be gentler on sensitive skin. Its base includes purified water, glycerin (for skin hydration), hydroxyethylcellulose (for a smooth roll-on application), potassium hydroxide (to stabilize pH), and optional aloe vera for added skin comfort.

    Drimedex is an accessible and effective alternative to higher-cost prescription treatments such as Drysol. It comes in an easy-to-use roll-on format and can be conveniently purchased online—no doctor’s visit required. For more information or to purchase, visit Drimedex.com.
  • Other Medical Treatments: Individuals with severe cases may consider prescription antiperspirants, botulinum toxin injections (Botox), or other medical interventions under healthcare supervision [American Academy of Dermatology, 2023].

When to Seek Medical Advice

Consult a healthcare provider if you notice a sudden change in body odor, develop symptoms of underlying medical conditions (such as diabetes), or if over-the-counter methods do not provide relief [Mayo Clinic: Body Odor, 2023].

References

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